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11 KiB
Markdown
281 lines
No EOL
11 KiB
Markdown
[](https://confluence.jetbrains.com/display/ALL/JetBrains+on+GitHub)
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[](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0)
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# Compose Multiplatform mobile application
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> **Note**
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> Compose Multiplatform is in Alpha. It may change incompatibly and require manual migration in the future.
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> We would appreciate your feedback on it in the public Slack channel [#compose-ios](https://kotlinlang.slack.com/archives/C0346LWVBJ4/p1678888063176359).
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> If you face any issues, please report them on [GitHub](https://github.com/JetBrains/compose-multiplatform/issues).
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You can use this template to start developing your own [Compose Multiplatform](https://github.com/JetBrains/compose-multiplatform) mobile application targeting Android and iOS.
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Follow out tutorial below to get your first Compose Multiplatform app up and running.
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The result will be a [Kotlin Multiplatform](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/multiplatform.html) project that uses Compose Multiplatform UI framework.
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## Set up the environment
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> **Warning**
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> You need a Mac with macOS to write and run iOS-specific code on simulated or real devices.
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> This is an Apple requirement.
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To work with this template, you need the following:
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* A machine running a recent version of macOS
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* [Xcode](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/xcode/id497799835)
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* [Android Studio](https://developer.android.com/studio)
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* [Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile plugin](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/14936-kotlin-multiplatform-mobile)
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* [CocoaPods dependency manager](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/native-cocoapods.html)
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### Check your environment
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Before you start, use the [KDoctor](https://github.com/Kotlin/kdoctor) tool to ensure that your development environment is configured correctly:
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1. Install KDoctor with [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/):
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```text
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brew install kdoctor
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```
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2. Run KDoctor in your terminal:
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```text
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kdoctor
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```
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If everything is set up correctly, you'll see a valid output:
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```text
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Environment diagnose (to see all details, use -v option):
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[✓] Operation System
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[✓] Java
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[✓] Android Studio
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[✓] Xcode
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[✓] Cocoapods
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Conclusion:
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✓ Your system is ready for Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile Development!
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```
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Otherwise, KDoctor will highlight which parts of your setup still need configuration and suggest how to fix them.
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## Examine the project structure
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Open the project in Android Studio and switch the view from **Android** to **Project** to see all the files and targets belonging to the project:
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<img src="readme_images/open_project_view.png" height="300px">
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Your Compose Multiplatform project includes three modules:
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### shared
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This is a Kotlin module that contains the logic common for both Android and iOS applications, the code you share between platforms.
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This `shared` module is also where you write your Compose Multiplatform code.
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In `shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/App.kt`, you can find the shared root `@Composable` function for your app.
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It uses Gradle as the build system. You can add dependencies and change settings in `shared/build.gradle.kts`.
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The `shared` module builds into an Android library and an iOS framework.
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### androidApp
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This is a Kotlin module that builds into an Android application. It uses Gradle as the build system.
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The `androidApp` module depends on and uses the `shared` module as a regular Android library.
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### iosApp
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This is an Xcode project that builds into an iOS application.
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It depends on and uses the `shared` module as a CocoaPods dependency.
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## Run your application
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### On Android
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To run your application on an Android emulator:
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1. Ensure you have an Android virtual device available. Otherwise, [create one](https://developer.android.com/studio/run/managing-avds#createavd).
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2. In the list of run configurations, select `androidApp`.
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3. Choose your virtual device and click **Run**:
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<img src="readme_images/run_on_android.png" height="60px">
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<img src="readme_images/android_app_running.png" height="200px">
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<details>
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<summary>Alternatively, use Gradle</summary>
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To install an Android application on a real device Android device or an emulator, run `./gradlew installDebug` in the terminal.
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</details>
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### On iOS
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#### Running on a simulator
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To run your application on an iOS simulator in Android Studio, modify the `iosApp` run configuration:
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1. In the list of run configurations, select **Edit Configurations**:
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<img src="readme_images/edit_run_config.png" height="200px">
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2. Navigate to **iOS Application** | **iosApp**.
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3. In the **Execution target** list, select your target device. Click **OK**:
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<img src="readme_images/target_device.png">
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4. The `iosApp` run configuration is now available. Click **Run** next to your virtual device:
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<img src="readme_images/hello_world_ios.png" height="200px">
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#### Running on a real device
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You can run your Compose Multiplatform application on a real iOS device for free.
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To do so, you'll need the following:
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* `TEAM_ID` associated with your [Apple ID](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204316)
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* The iOS device registered in Xcode
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> **Note**
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> Before you continue, we suggest creating a simple "Hello, world!" project in Xcode to ensure you can successfully run apps on your device.
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> You can follow the instructions below or watch this [this Standford CS193P lecture recording](https://youtu.be/bqu6BquVi2M?start=716&end=1399).
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>
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> <details>
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>
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> <summary>How to create and run a simple project in Xcode</summary>
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>
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> 1. On the Xcode welcome screen, select **Create a new project in Xcode**.
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> 2. On the **iOS** tab, choose the **App** template. Click **Next**.
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> 3. Specify the product name and keep other settings default. Click **Next**.
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> 4. Select where to store the project on your computer and click **Create**. You'll see an app that displays "Hello, world!" on the device screen.
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> 5. At the top of your Xcode screen, click on a device name near the **Run** button.
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> 6. Plug in your device to the computer. You'll see this device in the list of run options.
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> 7. Choose your device and click **Run**.
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>
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> </details>
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##### Finding your Team ID
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In the terminal, run `kdoctor --team-ids` to find your Team ID.
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KDoctor will list all Team IDs currently configured on your system, for example:
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```text
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3ABC246XYZ (Max Sample)
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ZABCW6SXYZ (SampleTech Inc.)
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```
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<details>
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<summary>Alternative way of finding your Team ID</summary>
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If KDoctor doesn't work for you, try this alternative method:
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1. In Android Studio, run the `iosApp` configuration with the selected real device. The build should fail.
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2. Go to Xcode and select **Open a project or file**.
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3. Navigate to the `iosApp/iosApp.xcworkspace` file of your project.
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4. In the left menu, select `iosApp`.
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5. Navigate to **Signing & Capabilities**.
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6. In the **Team** list, select your personal team.
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If you haven't set up your team yet, use the **Add account** option and follow the steps.
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</details>
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To run the application, set the `TEAM_ID`:
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1. In the template, navigate to the `iosApp/Configuration/Config.xcconfig` file.
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2. Set your `TEAM_ID`.
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3. Re-open the project in Android Studio. It should show the registered iOS device in the `iosApp` run configuration.
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## Make your first changes
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You can now make some changes in the code and see that they will be visible in both iOS and Android applications at once:
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1. In Android Studio, navigate to the `shared/src/commonMain/kotlin/App.kt` file.
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It's the common entry point for your Compose Multiplatform app.
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Here, you see the code responsible for rendering the "Hello, World!" button and the animated Compose Multiplatform logo:
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```kotlin
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@OptIn(ExperimentalResourceApi::class)
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@Composable
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fun App() {
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MaterialTheme {
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var greetingText by remember { mutableStateOf("Hello, World!") }
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var showImage by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
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Column(Modifier.fillMaxWidth(), horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally) {
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Button(onClick = {
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greetingText = "Hello, ${getPlatformName()}"
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showImage = !showImage
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}) {
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Text(greetingText)
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}
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AnimatedVisibility(showImage) {
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Image(
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painterResource("compose-multiplatform.xml"),
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null
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)
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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2. Update the shared code by adding a text field that will update the name displayed on the button:
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```diff
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@OptIn(ExperimentalResourceApi::class)
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@Composable
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fun App() {
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MaterialTheme {
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var greetingText by remember { mutableStateOf("Hello, World!") }
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var showImage by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
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Column(Modifier.fillMaxWidth(), horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally) {
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Button(onClick = {
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greetingText = "Hello, ${getPlatformName()}"
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showImage = !showImage
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}) {
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Text(greetingText)
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}
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+ TextField(greetingText, onValueChange = { greetingText = it })
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AnimatedVisibility(showImage) {
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Image(
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painterResource("compose-multiplatform.xml"),
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null
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)
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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3. Re-run both `androidApp` and `iosApp` configurations. You'll see this change reflected on both the Android and iOS apps:
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<img src="readme_images/text_field_added.png" height="200px">
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## How to configure the iOS application
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To get a better understanding of this template's setup and learn how to configure the basic properties of your iOS app without Xcode,
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open the `iosApp/Configuration/Config.xcconfig` file in Android Studio. The configuration file contains:
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* `APP_NAME`, a target executable and an application bundle name
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* `BUNDLE_ID` that [uniquely identifies the app throughout the system](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/bundleresources/information_property_list/cfbundleidentifier#discussion)
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* `TEAM_ID`, [a unique identifier generated by Apple that's assigned to your team](https://developer.apple.com/help/account/manage-your-team/locate-your-team-id/#:~:text=A%20Team%20ID%20is%20a,developer%20in%20App%20Store%20Connect)
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To configure the `APP_NAME` option, open `Config.xcconfig` in any text editor *before opening* the project in Android Studio, and set the desired name.
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If you need to change this option after you open the project in Android Studio, do the following:
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1. Close the project in Android Studio.
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2. Run `./cleanup.sh` in your terminal.
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3. Change the setting.
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4. Open the project in Android Studio again.
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To configure advanced settings, use Xcode. After opening the project in Android Studio,
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go to Xcode and open the `iosApp/iosApp.xcworkspace` file, and make changes.
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## Next steps
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We encourage you to further explore Compose Multiplatform and try out more projects:
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* [Learn about other cases where you can use the Compose Multiplatform UI framework](https://github.com/JetBrains/compose-multiplatform)
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* [Complete more Compose Multiplatform tutorials](https://github.com/JetBrains/compose-multiplatform#tutorials)
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* [Explore some more advanced Compose Multiplatform example projects](https://github.com/JetBrains/compose-multiplatform#examples) |